Charles Thomas Bolton

Charles Thomas Bolton

Charles Thomas o Tom Bolton (nacido en 1943) es un astrónomo norteamericano quien fuera el primer astrónomo en presentar evidencias sólidas de la existencia de un agujero negro.[1] [2]

Bolton recibió su título de Bachiller en 1966 en la Universidad de Illinois, seguido por su Maestría en 1968 y su Doctorado en 1970 alcanzado en la Universidad de Míchigan.[1] Bolton posteriormente trabajó como investigador de pos doctorado en el Observatorio David Dunlap, trabajando como profesor allí hasta 1972.[1] Continuó como profesor Colegio de Scarborough de 1971 a 1972, y en el Colegio de Erindale de 1972 a 1973, pero desde 1973, ha sido un afiliado del departamento de Astronomía de la Universidad de Toronto[1] donde es ahora un eminente profesor.[3] En 1971, mientras se encontraba estudiando sistemas binarios en el Observatorio Dunlap,[4] [5] Bolton observó un tambaleo en la estrella HDE 226868 como si esta estuviera orbitando alrededor de una invisible pero masiva compañera emitiendo potentes rayos X,[1] [6] independientemente del trabajo realizado por Louise Webster y Paul Murdin en el Real Observatorio de Greenwich.[7] Análisis rigurosos arrojaron un estimado sobre la cantidad de masa necesaria para tal atracción gravitacional, lo cual probó ser demasiada para una estrella de neutrones. Después de que exhaustivas observaciones confirmaran los resultados, en 1973, la comunidad de astrónomos en general reconocieron el agujero negro Cygnus X-1, el cual permanece en el plano de la Vía Láctea.[1] [8] [9] [10] Bolton es miembro de la Real Sociedad de Canadá.[1]

Referencias

  1. a b c d e f g «Charles Thomas Bolton (1943- )». Virtual Museum of Canada. Consultado el 05-07-2007.
  2. Black, Harry (2008). «Tom Bolton, Astronomer: Discoverer of the First Black Hole». Canadian Scientists and Inventors: Biographies of People Who Shaped Our World. Pembroke Publishers Limited. pp. 24–27. ISBN 9781551382227. .
  3. Faculty profile, U. of Toronto Astronomy and Astrophysics Dept.
  4. Culp, Kritine. «The proof is out there». University of Toronto Magazine. Consultado el 06-07-2008.
  5. «Black holes: The Canadian connection», Quirks and Quarks, CBC, 18-04-2008. Consultado el 05-07-2008.
  6. Bolton, C. T. (1972). «Identification of Cygnus X-1 with HDE 226868». Nature 235 (2):  pp. 271–273. doi:10.1038/235271b0. Bibcode: 1972Natur.235..271B. http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v235/n5336/abs/235271b0.html. 
  7. Webster, B. Louise; Murdin, Paul (1972). «Cygnus X-1—a Spectroscopic Binary with a Heavy Companion?». Nature 235 (2):  pp. 37–38. doi:10.1038/235037a0. Bibcode: 1972Natur.235...37W. http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v235/n5332/abs/235037a0.html. 
  8. Rolston, Bruce (10 de noviembre de 1997). «The First Black Hole». University of Toronto. Archivado desde el original, el 2008-03-07. Consultado el 11-03-2008.
  9. Shipman, H. L. (1975). «The implausible history of triple star models for Cygnus X-1 Evidence for a black hole». Astrophysical Letters 16 (1):  pp. 9–12. doi:10.1016/S0304-8853(99)00384-4. Bibcode: 1975ApL....16....9S. 
  10. Gursky, H.; Gorenstein, P.; Kerr, F. J.; Grayzeck, E. J. (1971). «The Estimated Distance to Cygnus X-1 Based on its Low-Energy X-Ray Spectrum». Astrophysical Journal 167:  pp. L15. doi:10.1086/180751. Bibcode: 1971ApJ...167L..15G. 

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