Ogiek

Ogiek

Los ogiek , okiek o akiek (aunque el término akiek en ocasiones se refiere a un subgrupo distinto), son un pueblo indígena que vive en el noroeste de Tanzania, en el sur de Kenia (en el bosque Mau) y en el oeste de Kenia (en el bosque del Monte Elgon). En el año 2000 se estimó la población de los ogiek en unos 36.869, aunque sólo unos 500 hablan la lengua akiek. Muchos ogiek han adoptado la lengua de los pueblos en su alrededor: los akiek en el norte de Tanzania hablan ahora maasai y los akiek de Kinare, Kenia, hablan el gikuyu. Los ogiek son uno de varios pueblos de cazadores-recolectores en Kenia y Tanzania a los que se aplicaba el término dorobo o ndorobo. Un término de origen maasai que hoy en día tiene una connotación peyorativa.

Conflictos por la tierra

El Gobierno ha intentado repetidamente expulsar a los ogiek de sus tierras ancestrales, argumentando que su presencia degrada los bosques, a pesar de que gran parte de esos bosques luego se venden a empresas madereras y plantaciones de té. Recientemente, además, se ha producido una llegada masiva de colonos ilegales que también ha causado graves daños medioambientales.

Los ogiek han presentado numerosas demandas contra el Gobierno por un tratamiento injusto y por el desposeimiento ilegal de sus tierras.

Referencias

  • Heine, Bernd (1973) 'Vokabulare ostafrikanischer Restsprachen', Afrika und Übersee, 57, 1, pp. 38–49.
  • Kratz, Corinne A. (1981) "Are the Okiek really Masai? or Kipsigis? or Kikuyu?" Cahiers d'Études Africaines. Vol. 79 XX:3, pp. 355–68.
  • Kratz, Corinne A. (1986) 'Ethnic interaction, economic diversification and language use: a report on research with Kaplelach and Kipchornwonek Okiek', Sprache und Geschichte in Afrika, 7, 189—226.
  • Kratz, Corinne A. (1989) "Okiek Potters and their Wares." In Kenyan Pots and Potters. Edited by J. Barbour and S. Wandibba. Nairobi: Oxford University Press.
  • Kratz, Corinne A. (1994) Affecting Performance: Meaning, Movement and Experience in Okiek Women's Initiation. Washington DC: Smithsonian Institution Press.
  • Kratz, Corinne A. (1999) "Okiek of Kenya." In Foraging Peoples: An Encyclopedia of Contemporary Hunter-Gatherers. Edited by Richard Lee and Richard Daly. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 220–224.
  • Kratz, Corinne A. (2000)"Gender, Ethnicity, and Social Aesthetics in Maasai and Okiek Beadwork." In Rethinking Pastoralism in Africa: Gender, Culture, and the Myth of the Patriarchal Pastoralist. Edited by Dorothy Hodgson. Oxford: James Currey Publisher, pp. 43–71.
  • Kratz, Corinne A. (2001) "Conversations and Lives." In African Words, African Voices: Critical Practices in Oral History. Edited by Luise White, Stephan Miescher, and David William Cohen. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, pp. 127–161.
  • Kratz, Corinne A. (2002) The Ones That Are Wanted: Communication and the Politics of Representation in a Photographic Exhibition. Berkeley: University of California Press.
  • Rottland, Franz (1982) Die Südnilotischen Sprachen: Beschreibung, Vergelichung und Rekonstruktion (Kölner Beiträge zur Afrikanistik vol. 7). Berlin: Dietrich Reimer. (esp. pp. 26, 138-139)

Enlaces externos


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