Business Plot

El Business Plot (complot del Negocio) o Plot Against FDR (complot contra Roosevelt) o White House Putsch (complot de la casa blanca) fue una presunta conspiración de negociantes para derrocar la presidencia de Franklin D. Roosevelt.

El complot

En 1933, se denunció una conspiración para derrocar al presidente Franklin D. Roosevelt mediante un golpe militar. Esta presunta conspiración, cuya existencia real es difícilmente demostrable, se conoció como el Business Plot (Complot de los Negocios), porque teóricamente involucraba a la élite industrial y financiera, cuyos intereses se suponían amenazados por la política del New Deal. Se desveló ante la opinión pública cuando el general de los marines retirado Smedley Butler testificó ante el Comité McCormack-Dickstein del Congreso de los Estados Unidos que había sido tanteado por un grupo de altos intereses económicos, liderado por los imperios industriales DuPont y J. P. Morgan, para orquestar un golpe militar contra Roosevelt.^[1]

Miembros del complot

• William Doyle - Former state commander of the American Legion.
• Robert Clark - Heir to the Singer sewing machine fortune.
• Gerald MacGuire - Bond salesman for Clark, and a member of the Connecticut American Legion. MacGuire was the key recruiter to General Butler.^[2]

Miembros del comité de investigación del Congreso de los Estados Unidos sobre el complot del Negocio

From the McCormack-Dickstein Committee files found at wikisource.

• John W. McCormack, Massachusetts, Chairman. McCormack served as Speaker of the House of Representatives from 1961 until 1971.
• Samuel Dickstein New York, Vice Chairman.
• Carl May Weideman, Míchigan. Democratic Congressman from March 4, 1933-January 3, 1935.^[3]
• Charles Kramer, California. Democratic Congressman from March 4, 1933-January 3, 1943.^[4]
• Thomas Albert Jenkins, Ohio. Republican Congressman from March 4, 1925-January 3, 1959.^[5]
• James Willis Taylor, Tennessee. Republican Congressman from March 4, 1919-November 14, 1939.^[6]
• Ulysses Samuel Guyer, Kansas. Republican Congressman from March 4, 1927-June 5, 1943.^[7]
• Thomas W. Hardwick, Counsel.

Enlaces y referencias externas

• U.S. House of Representatives, Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Public Statement, 73rd Congress, 2nd session, (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1934)[1]
• U.S. House of Representatives, Special Committee on Un-American Activities, Investigation of Nazi Propaganda Activities and Investigation of Certain Other Propaganda Activities, Hearings 73-D.C.-6, Part 1, 73rd Congress, 2nd session, (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1935).

• Wikisource: Part 1
• Wikisource: Part 2
• Wikisource: Part 3

• Adams, Cecil (November 18 2005). «Oh, Smedley: Was there really a fascist plot to overthrow the United States government?». The Straight Dope. http://www.straightdope.com/columns/051118.html. 
• Cramer, Clayton (November, 1995). «An American Coup d'État? Plot against Franklin D. Roosevelt, 1934». History Today 45 (11):  pp. 42. http://www.claytoncramer.com/amcoup.html.  Examines Butler's testimony from both sides
• LaMonica, Barbara (March-April 1999). «The Attempted Coup Against FDR». Probe. http://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.webcom.com/ctka/pr399-fdr.html. 
• Sanders, Richard (editor) (March 2004). «Facing the Corporate Roots of American Fascism». Press for Conversion! (53). http://coat.ncf.ca/our_magazine/links/53/53-index.html. 
• Spivak, John L. (January 29 1935; February 5 1935). «Wikisource: Wall Street's Fascist Conspiracy: Testimony that the Dickstein MacCormack Committee Suppressed; Wall Street's Fascist Conspiracy: Morgan Pulls the Strings». New Masses. http://en.wikisource.org/wiki/John_L._Spivak.  pdf file
• "The Plot Against FDR" History Channel documentary. In public domain.
• Thomson, Mike (2007-07-23). «The Whitehouse Coup». BBC. Consultado el 24-07-2007.

Bibliografía

Libros sobre el tema

• Archer, Jules (1973, pub.2007). The Plot to Seize the White House. Skyhorse Publishing. ISBN 1-60239-036-3 Book Information and Chapter Summaries
• Extensive list of links, books and video on the plot
• Executive summary and/or extensive quotes of Jules Archer's book on the subject, mostly on Butler's Censored Testimony Concerning Attempts to Bribe Him Into the Plot
• The History Channel Video: In Search of History: The Plot to Overthrow FDR "While The Plot To Overthrow FDR will astonish those who never learned about this story in school, in the end many viewers may feel as if they are trying to handcuff a shadow."^[8]

• Government financial reports

Libros con capítulos sobre el complot del Negocio

• Seldes, George (1947). 1000 Americans: The Real Rulers of the U.S.A.. Boni & Gaer. ASIN: B000ANE968.  p. 292-298 Excerpts of the book can be found here. [2]
• Spivak, John L. (1967). A Man in His Time. Horizon Press. ASIN: B0007DMOCW.  p. 294-298 Excerpts of the book can be found here.[3][4]
• Bankers, Lawyers and Linkage Groups found in Simpson, Christopher (1995). The Splendid Blond Beast: Money, Law and Genocide in the Twentieth Century. Common Courage Press. ISBN 1-56751-062-0.  p. 43-58 Book Experts can be found here [5]
• Colby, Gerard (1984). Du Pont Dynasty: Behind the Nylon Curtain. L. Stuart. ISBN 0-8184-0352-7.  p. 324-330 Excerpts of the book about the plot found here. [6]

Libros sobre temas conexos

• Wolfskill, George (1962). The Revolt of the Conservatives: A History of the American Liberty League 1934-1940. Houghton Mifflin. ISBN 0-8371-7251-9. 
• Wolfskill, George John A. Hudson (1969). All but the people: Franklin D. Roosevelt and His Critics, 1933-39. Macmillan. ASIN: B0006BYJJQ. 
• Goodman, Walter (1968). The Committee: The Extraordinary Career of the House Committee on Un-American Activities. Farrar Straus & Giroux. ISBN 0-374-12688-7. 
• Higham, Charles (1982). Trading With the Enemy: An Expose of the Nazi-American Money Plot, 1933-1949. Doubleday. ISBN 0-385-29080-2. 
• Hougan, Jim (1978). Spooks: The Haunting of America: The Private Use of Secret Agents. William Morrow & Co. ISBN 0-688-03355-5. 
• Helms, Harry (2003). Inside the Shadow Government: National Emergencies and the Cult of Secrecy. Feral House. ISBN 0-922915-89-X. 
• Thomas, Kenn (2003). The Octopus: Secret Government and the Death of Danny Casolaro. Feral House. ISBN 0-922915-91-1. 
• Hopsicker, Daniel (2001). Barry & 'the Boys' : The CIA, the Mob and America's Secret History. Mad Cow Press. ISBN 0-9706591-0-5. 

Referencias