Pésher

Pésher

Pésher

El Pesher (hebr. פשר, Pl. Pesharim) es un tipo de midrash, se postula que las escrituras están escritas en dos niveles, uno para lectores con conocimiento limitado, y otro oculto, disponible soló para especialistas con mayor conocimiento, este es el pésher, la palabra deriva de la raíz de un verbo hebreo, que significa “interpretar”, y es usada frecuentemente para introducir la explicación de un fragmento de las Escrituras así como los comentarios qunrámicos de los libros proféticos y las interpretaciones de sueños que hace el profeta Daniel.

Características

Lo característico del pesher es que interpreta el texto sagrado en referencia a la historia presente, subordinando completamente el sentido y contexto original al significado actualizado. La idea subyacente a esta técnica es que el texto contiene una información velada, cuyo verdadero sentido sólo se hace patente al ser referido a acontecimientos históricos posteriores, concretamente, al presente del grupo religioso que lo utiliza. Se asume que quien pronunció o escribió por primera vez el contenido del texto fue inspirado por Dios, pero que la mayoría de las veces el mismo no era consciente del significado que la historia llegará a revelar en sus palabras.

Bibliografía

  • Joseph D. Amusin: The Reflection of Historical Events of the First Century BCE in Qumran Commentaries (4Q161; 4Q169; 4Q166). In: Hebrew Union College Annual 48 (1977), 134-146.
  • Shani L. Berrin: Artikel Pesharim. In: Lawrence H. Schiffman; James C. VanderKam (Hg.): Encyclopedia of the Dead Sea Scrolls. New York 2000, 644-647.
  • George Brooke: Qumran Pesher: Toward the Redefinition of a Genre. In: Revue de Qumran 10 (1979-1981), 483-503.
  • Maurya P. Horgan: Pesharim. Qumran Interpretations of Biblical Books (Catholic Biblical Quarterly. Monograph Series 8). Washington 1979.


Enlaces externos

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