Genetics and the Origin of Species

Genetics and the Origin of Species

Genetics and the Origin of Species (en español, «Genética y el origen de las especies») es una obra escrita por el genetista soviético-estadounidense Theodosius Dobzhansky en 1937.[1] [2] De acuerdo a la gran mayoría de los historiadores de la Biología, los conceptos básicos de la teoría sintética están basados esencialmente en el contenido de seis libros, cuyos autores fueron: el naturalista y taxónomo alemán americano Ernst Mayr (1904-2005); el zoólogo británico Julian Huxley (1887–1975); el paleontólogo americano George G. Simpson (1902–1984); el zoólogo germano Bernhard Rensch (1900–1990), el botánico estadounidense G. Ledyard Stebbins (1906–2000) y Theodosius Dobzhansky (1900–1975).[3]

En el libro de Dobzhansky, Genetics and the Origin of Species, se abordan temas tales como la diversidad existente en los organismos, las leyes de la herencia, el concepto de mutación y el destino de las mutaciones en las poblaciones, la selección natural, la formación de razas, los mecanismos de aislamiento reproductivo y la especiación.

Durante los años 1920 y 1930, varios genetistas teóricos desarrollaron ecuaciones matemáticas para describir el proceso de la selección natural. El libro de Dobzhansky remodeló tales formulaciones en un lenguaje que los biólogos pudieran entender, graficando las ecuaciones con ejemplos de historia natural y de genética experimental de poblaciones, y extendió la teoría sintética de la evolución a la especiación y a otros problemas cardinales omitidos por los matemáticos anteriores.[4]

Capítulos

El libro incluye los siguientes capítulos:[5]

  • Prefacio
  • Diversidad orgánica
  • Herencia y mutación
  • Mutación en las poblaciones
  • Selección
  • Polimorfismos adaptativos
  • Formación de razas
  • Mecanismos de aislamiento
  • Esterilidad de los híbridos
  • Las especies como unidades naturales
  • Patrones evolutivos

Referencias

  1. ↑ Dobzhansky, Th. (1937) Genetics and the Origin of Species (Columbia Univ. Press, New York); 2nd Ed., 1941; 3rd Ed., 1951.
  2. ↑ Existe traducción al español: Dobzhansky, Theodosius (1997). Genética y el origen de las especies. Círculo de Lectores. ISBN 978-84-226-5641-8. 
  3. ↑ Reif, W.-E., Junker, T., Hoßfeld, U. (2000) The synthetic theory of evolution: general problems and the German contribution to the synthesis. Theory Biosci., 119:41–91
  4. ↑ Ayala, F. & Fitch, W. 1997. Genetics and the origin of species: An introduction. En: Genetics and the Origin of Species: From Darwin to Molecular Biology 60 Years After Dobzhansky. National Academy of Sciences (NAS)
  5. ↑ Genetics and the Origin of Species - 3rd Edition (1951) by Theodosius Dobzhansky. Table of Contents

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