- Academia Estadounidense de las Artes y las Letras
-
La Academia Estadounidense de las Artes y las Letras (American Academy of Arts and Letters) es una institución artística que apoya la literatura, música, y arte estadounidenses. Su lema es: «acoge, asiste y sostiene la excelencia» (foster, assist, and sustain excellence). La academia fue fundada en 1904 y en 2007 tenía 250 miembros.
Contenido
Historia
La organización más antigua relacionada con esta academia fue la Asociación Estadounidense de Sociología (American Social Science Association) que se fundó en Boston en 1865. En 1898 se transformó en el Instituto Nacional de las Artes y las Letras (National Institute of Arts and Letters). El Instituto se adaptó en 1904, en un intento de emular la Academia Francesa, introduciendo una estructura de doble elección, con 250 miembros seleccionados entre las figuras principales en arte y literatura estadounidenses (que constituían el Instituto) que elegían a 50 miembros de élite para formar la Academia. Los siete miembros del primitivo Instituto que fundaron la Academia fueron:
- William Dean Howells
- Augustus Saint-Gaudens
- Edmund Clarence Stedman
- John La Farge
- Mark Twain
- John Hay y
- Edward MacDowell.
Los miembros de élite fueron agregándose en los años siguientes, un reducido número cada año. Ambas instituciones se unieron en 1976 en el American Academy and Institute of Arts and Letters, y finalmente, en 1992, adoptó la denominación actual, abandonándose el sistema de doble elección. Hoy, los 250 miembros tienen la misma condición de académicos y son elegidos por vida. Se organizan en comités que conceden los diferentes premios y becas. El presidente actual de la organización es Louis Auchincloss y el director ejecutivo es Virginia Dajani.
Miembros
La siguiente Tabla recoge todos los miembros desde la fundación, ordenados por el año de su nombramiento. Aparecen sombreados los miembros fallecidos.
Miembros de la Academia Estadounidense de las Artes y las Letras Departamento de Arte Departamento de Música Departamento de Literatura Año Nac. Fall. Académico Arte 1898 1852 1911 Edwin Austin Abbey 1898 1855 1903 Alfred Q. Collins 1898 1848 1936 Edwin Howland Blashfield 1898 1848 1907 Augustus Saint-Gaudens 1898 1857 1923 Edward C. Potter 1898 1858 1945 Herbert Adams 1898 1851 1914 Charles Sprague Pearce 1898 1866 1938 Bancel LaFarge 1898 1858 1938 Horatio Walker 1898 1853 1942 F. Wellington Ruckstull 1898 1853 1902 John H. Twachtman 1898 1830 1902 Albert Bierstadt 1898 1863 1937 Frederick MacMonnies 1898 1853 1929 William T. Dannat 1898 1848 1919 Frank Duveneck 1898 1823 1903 Thomas W. Wood 1898 1857 1903 Robert Frederick Blum 1898 1847 1909 Charles Follen McKim 1898 1849 1909 Francis Lathrop 1898 1855 1941 George de Forest Brush 1898 1856 1915 John White Alexander 1898 1840 1916 William Gedney Bunce 1898 1853 1930 Alexander Harrison 1898 1856 1919 Kenyon Cox 1898 1836 1923 Elihu Vedder 1898 1861 1909 Frederic Remington 1898 1862 1929 Robert Reid 1898 1845 1908 Benjamin C. Porter 1898 1852 1917 J. Carroll Beckwith 1898 1859 1935 Childe Hassam 1898 1858 1928 H. Siddons Mowbray 1898 1849 1916 William Merritt Chase 1898 1846 1911 Frederick P. Vinton 1898 1860 1932 Gari Melchers 1898 1867 1944 Charles Dana Gibson 1898 1856 1937 Walter Gay 1898 1852 1919 J. Alden Weir 1898 1852 1911 Howard Pyle 1898 1850 1931 Daniel Chester French 1898 1854 1915 Eliot Gregory 1898 1843 1929 Henry Oliver Walker 1898 1849 1921 Abbott Handerson Thayer 1898 1835 1910 John LaFarge 1898 1852 1931 Edward E. Simmons 1902 1830 1910 John Quincy Adams Ward 1905 1836 1910 Winslow Homer 1905 1870 1966 Maxfield Parrish 1905 1856 1925 John Singer Sargent 1906 1860 1936 Lorado Taft 1906 1859 1934 Cass Gilbert 1906 1846 1912 Daniel Hudson Burnham 1906 1860 1929 Thomas Hastings 1906 1853 1906 Stanford White 1907 1836 1915 George F. Babb 1908 1846 1912 Francis Davis Millet 1908 1865 1925 Paul Wayland Bartlett 1908 1852 1926 Ben Foster 1908 1846 1929 William H. Howe 1908 1838 1913 George Brown Post 1908 1860 1943 Walter MacEwen 1908 1853 1932 Will H. Low 1908 1866 1909 Louis Loeb 1908 1869 1938 William Sergeant Kendall 1908 1855 1914 Samuel Isham 1908 1846 1916 Walter Cook 1908 1862 1938 Edmund C. Tarbell 1908 1846 1928 William Rutherford Mead 1908 1866 1946 Jules Guerin 1908 1865 1929 Robert Henri 1908 1867 1944 W. Elmer Scholfied 1908 1862 1950 A. Phimister Proctor 1908 1854 1929 Birge Harrison 1908 1869 1965 Edward W. Redfield 1908 1845 1918 Frederic Crowninshield 1908 1847 1918 Henry J. Hardenbergh 1908 1848 1927 H. Bolton Jones 1908 1861 1933 Charles Adams Platt 1908 1857 1932 Francis C. Jones 1908 1866 1947 Hermon A. MacNeil 1908 1864 1943 Whitney Warren 1908 1865 1919 Richard E. Brooks 1908 1861 1933 Lionel Walden 1908 1853 1932 Emil Carlsen 1908 1862 1929 Charles Grafly 1908 1858 1920 William T. Smedley 1908 1848 1925 Dwight W. Tryon 1908 1858 1911 John M. Carrere 1908 1861 1918 Frank Miles Day 1908 1858 1923 Joseph R. De Camp 1908 1864 1931 John Galen Howard 1908 1879 1956 Hugo Ballin 1908 1845 1917 Robert Swain Peabody 1908 1838 1909 Walter Shirlaw 1908 1847 1917 Albert Pinkham Ryder 1908 1863 1938 George Gray Barnard 1908 1858 1925 Willard Leroy Metcalf 1908 1854 1934 Leonard Ochtman 1908 1858 1936 Carl Marr 1908 1849 1937 Charles Melville Dewey 1908 1857 1926 Joseph Pennell 1908 1851 1938 Thomas W. Dewing 1908 1861 1948 Irving R. Wiles 1908 1847 1935 Frederick Dielman 1908 1852 1931 Timothy Cole 1908 1877 1947 Paul Dougherty 1909 1854 1932 Glenn Brown 1910 1867 1915 Karl Bitter 1910 1871 1922 Henry M. Shrady 1910 1854 1941 John M. Donaldson 1910 1870 1952 Adolph A. Weinman 1910 1867 1917 Bela L. Pratt 1910 1872 1944 Frederick G. R. Roth 1911 1868 1959 John Mead Howells 1911 1862 1951 Frank W. Benson 1912 1857 1939 Irving Kane Pond 1912 1868 1925 Albert Jaegers 1912 1861 1942 Ralph Clarkson 1912 1873 1961 Louis Betts 1913 1866 1924 Henry Bacon 1913 1857 1925 Arnold W. Brunner 1914 1865 1930 Gardner Symons 1914 1856 1941 William Mitchell Kendall 1915 1863 1942 Ralph Adams Cram 1915 1878 1949 Robert Ingersoll Aitken 1915 1876 1953 James Earle Fraser 1915 1862 1925 S. Breck P. Trowbridge 1915 1869 1924 Bertram G. Goodhue 1916 1873 1953 Frederic Clay Bartlett 1916 1855 1935 Charles H. Niehaus 1916 1856 1934 Howard Russell Butler 1916 1870 1945 Stirling Calder 1916 1861 1944 Cyrus Dallin 1916 1874 1937 John Russell Pope 1918 1873 1939 Ernest Lawson 1918 1870 1957 Frederick Law Olmsted 1918 1865 1951 Frank V. DuMond 1918 1882 1925 George Wesley Bellows 1918 1881 1956 Chester Beach 1918 1856 1935 Douglas Volk 1920 1872 1930 Charles W. Hawthorne 1920 1868 1929 Edmond T. Quinn 1920 1881 1962 Barry Faulkner 1920 1885 1966 Paul Manship 1922 1874 1941 Andrew O'Connor 1923 1879 1956 Gifford Beal 1923 1861 1935 Walter Griffin 1923 1865 1952 John Flanagan 1924 1879 1947 Edward McCartan 1925 1869 1950 George Wharton Edwards 1926 1878 1960 Rudulph Evans 1926 1858 1950 Agnes Repplier 1927 1876 1973 Anna Hyatt Huntington 1927 1876 1950 Haig Patigian 1928 1857 1936 Charles Howard Walker 1929 1871 1946 George Elmer Browne 1929 1863 1946 Albert Sterner 1929 1871 1951 John French Sloan 1929 1883 1959 Wayman Adams 1929 1880 1940 Jonas Lie 1930 1883 1962 Eugene Speicher 1930 1879 1958 John Gregory 1930 1882 1961 Abram Poole 1930 1876 1964 John C. Johansen 1930 1855 1942 Cecilia Beaux 1930 1884 1974 Leon Kroll 1931 1870 1957 DeWitt McClellan Lockman 1931 1874 1960 William Adams Delano 1931 1877 1963 Lee Lawrie 1931 1890 1978 C. Paul Jennewein 1931 1889 1966 Laura Gardin Fraser 1931 1896 1950 Allan Clark 1931 1878 1964 Jean MacLane 1931 1890 1980 Sidney E. Dickinson 1931 1877 1954 Albert Laessle 1931 1872 1955 Bessie Potter Vonnoh 1932 1866 1952 Albert L. Groll 1932 1887 1953 John Taylor Arms 1933 1887 1954 Robert Edmond Jones 1933 1879 1964 Ernest David Roth 1935 1877 1957 Mahonri M. Young 1935 1869 1962 Charles Hopkinson 1935 1857 1940 Harry W. Watrous 1935 1877 1962 Herbert Haseltine 1936 1870 1938 William J. Glackens 1936 1883 1978 Eugene Francis Savage 1936 1876 1945 Paul Philippe Cret 1937 1871 1943 Charles Borie 1937 1886 1949 Ezra Winter 1937 1892 1982 Gilmore D. Clarke 1937 1885 1966 Malvina Hoffman 1937 1869 1940 Ernest C. Peixotto 1937 1871 1940 Chester Aldrich 1937 1889 1946 Kerr Eby 1937 1869 1962 Hobart Nichols 1938 1876 1952 Boardman Robinson 1938 1884 1953 William Hunt Diederich 1938 1888 1956 Cecil Howard 1938 1878 1957 Maurice Sterne 1939 1879 1943 Edward Bruce 1939 1887 1962 Henry R. Shepley 1940 1874 1957 Arthur Jr. Brown 1940 1870 1943 Egerton Swartwout 1941 1867 1958 Louis A Simon 1941 1873 1948 Wallace Morgan 1941 1889 1971 Thomas W. Nason 1941 1901 1999 Walker Hancock 1941 1904 1963 Sidney B. Waugh 1942 1889 1975 Thomas Hart Benton 1942 1906 1978 Stow Wengenroth 1942 1897 1946 John Steuart Curry 1942 1889 1974 Eric Gugler 1942 1898 1980 Alexander Brook 1942 1870 1953 John Marin 1942 1884 1958 Guy Pene DuBois 1943 1893 1967 Charles E. Burchfield 1943 1888 1970 Henry Varnum Poor 1943 1874 1958 Eugene Higgins 1943 1880 1951 Thomas Harlan Ellett 1943 1890 1975 Brenda Putnam 1943 1886 1953 Henry Lee McFee 1944 1902 1988 Isabel Bishop 1944 1870 1944 Benjamin W. III Morris 1944 1883 1952 Jo Davidson 1944 1874 1947 Louis Ayres 1944 1867 1955 Charles D. Maginnis 1945 1882 1967 Edward Hopper 1946 1898 1954 Reginald Marsh 1946 1882 1949 David Adler 1946 1887 1958 Denys Wortman 1946 1898 1988 Donald DeLue 1946 1884 1972 Franklin C. Watkins 1946 1905 1984 Armin Landeck 1946 1880 1966 Aymar II Embury 1947 1878 1951 John Walter Cross 1947 1869 1959 Frank Lloyd Wright 1947 1876 1952 Kenneth Hayes Miller 1947 1875 1955 Carl Milles 1948 1880 1958 Daniel Garber 1948 1893 1961 James Kellum Smith 1948 1880 1959 Harrie T. Lindeberg 1949 1905 1980 Bruce Moore 1949 1889 1973 Ralph Walker 1949 1898 1974 Zoltan Sepeshy 1949 1887 1986 Georgia O'Keeffe 1949 1896 1986 Gertrude K. Lathrop 1950 1902 1966 Donal Hord 1950 1883 1952 William F. Lamb 1950 1892 1963 Oronzio Maldarelli 1950 Andrew Wyeth 1951 1876 1953 Everett Shinn 1951 1906 1992 Peter Blume 1951 1898 1989 Clare Leighton 1951 1899 1963 Henry Kreis 1952 1897 1981 Edmond Amateis 1952 1892 1970 Henry Schnakenberg 1952 1899 1989 Katharine Lane Weems 1952 1894 1972 Peter Dalton 1952 1872 1954 Clarence C. Zantzinger 1953 1887 1966 William Zorach 1953 1892 1972 John F. Folinsbee 1953 1888 1966 Leo Friedlander 1953 1896 1969 Louis Bouche 1954 1910 1961 Eero Saarinen A 1954 1893 1959 George Grosz 1955 1871 1956 Lyonel Feininger 1955 1891 1971 Karl Knaths 1955 1884 1982 Jose De Creeft 1955 1899 1994 Pietro Belluschi 1955 1881 1961 Max Weber 1956 1895 1987 Peggy Bacon 1956 1890 1976 Mark Tobey 1956 1891 1978 Edwin Dickinson 1956 1894 1964 Stuart Davis 1956 1898 1969 Ben Shahn 1956 1883 1962 Ivan Mestrovic 1956 Jack Levine 1957 1906 1988 Gardner Cox 1957 1910 2001 Morris Graves 1957 1897 1983 Ivan Albright 1958 1895 1978 Abraham Rattner 1958 1899 1987 Raphael Soyer 1958 1902 1978 Edward Durrell Stone 1959 1900 1982 Julian Levi 1959 1914 1970 Walter Stuempfig 1959 1909 1998 Loren MacIver 1959 1898 1990 Jean De Marco 1959 1901 1973 Philip Evergood 1959 1904 1975 Michael Rapuano 1960 1904 1997 Willem De Kooning P 1960 1900 1964 Rico Lebrun 1960 1896 1989 Francis Speight 1960 1909 1990 Gordon Bunshaft 1960 1895 1981 Wallace K. Harrison 1960 1887 1968 Marcel Duchamp P 1960 1898 1976 Alexander Calder E 1961 1891 1973 Jacques Lipchitz 1961 1885 1973 George Biddle 1961 1886 1969 Ludwig Mies van der Rohe A 1962 1883 1969 Walter Gropius A 1962 1887 1964 Alexander Archipenko 1962 1904 1988 Isamu Noguchi 1963 1915 2002 Richard Lippold 1963 1895 1983 Richard Buckminster Fuller 1963 1883 1965 Charles Sheeler 1963 1922 2000 Leonard Baskin 1963 1906 2005 Philip Johnson A 1963 1917 Ieoh Ming Pei A 1964 1880 1966 Hans Hofmann 1964 1899 1972 Eugene Berman 1964 1901 1974 Louis I. Kahn A 1964 1882 1971 Rockwell Kent 1964 1892 1970 Richard Neutra A 1964 1907 1981 Theodore J. Roszak 1964 1904 1991 Chaim Gross 1965 1895 1968 Adolph Dehn 1965 1917 2000 Jacob Lawrence 1965 1890 1977 Naum Gabo 1965 1902 1981 Marcel Breuer A 1966 1902 1983 Jose Luis Sert A 1966 1902 1968 Lee Gatch 1966 1899 1987 Moses Soyer 1967 1910 1981 Joseph Hirsch 1967 1882 1967 David Burliuk 1967 1906 2001 William Thon 1967 1922 1993 Richard Diebenkorn 1968 1897 1977 William Gropper 1968 1914 1999 Saul Steinberg 1968 1903 1970 Mark Rothko P 1968 1914 1971 Federico Castellon 1968 1888 1976 Josef Albers P 1968 1906 2002 Gyorgy Kepes 1968 1893 1986 Dorothea Greenbaum 1968 1899 1988 Louise Nevelson 1969 1909 2000 John Heliker 1970 1915 1991 Robert Motherwell 1970 1909 1978 John Koch 1970 1890 1970 Robert Laurent 1970 Kevin Roche A 1971 1904 1985 Jose DeRivera 1971 1903 1988 Robert Gwathmey 1971 1918 1997 Paul Rudolph 1972 1911 1988 Costantino Nivola 1972 1903 1974 Adolph Gottlieb 1972 1912 1988 Romare H. Bearden 1972 1910 1988 Stuyvesant Van Veen 1972 1913 1980 Philip Guston 1972 1901 1978 Richard Lindner 1973 1906 1992 James Brooks 1973 1930 Jasper Johns P 1974 1897 1986 Reuben Nakian 1974 1907 2002 George Rickey 1974 Hyman Bloom 1974 1928 Helen Frankenthaler 1974 Ellsworth Kelly P-E 1975 1929 Claes Oldenburg E 1975 1905 1975 George L. K. Morris 1975 1904 1999 Paul Cadmus 1975 1903 1986 Syemour Lipton 1976 1904 1990 Balcomb Greene 1976 1896 1976 Leonid Berman 1976 1900 1984 Alice Neel 1976 1913 2000 Conrad Marca-Relli 1976 Charles Gwathmey A 1977 1924 Kenneth Noland P 1977 Lennart Anderson 1977 Romaldo Giurgola 1977 1907 1978 Charles Eames 1978 1925 2008 Robert Rauschenberg P 1978 1904 1980 Clyfford Still 1978 Marisol Escobar 1979 1912 1980 Tony Smith 1979 1923 1997 Roy Lichtenstein P 1979 1926 1992 Joan Mitchell 1979 1924 2002 Larry Rivers 1979 John M. Johansen 1980 Henry N. Cobb 1980 1935 Jim Dine P 1980 Will Barnet 1980 1923 1994 Sam Francis 1981 1924 2000 George Segal E 1981 1900 1982 Jack Tworkov 1982 1907 1981 Ilya Bolotowsky 1982 1916 1986 Minoru Yamasaki 1982 1932 2007 R.B. Kitaj 1982 1926 César Pelli A 1982 Philip Pearlstein 1982 R.B. Kitaj 1983 Louise Bourgeois E 1983 Richard Meier A 1983 George Tooker 1983 David Levine 1983 1920 1984 Jimmy Ernst 1983 1921 2006 Dimitri Hadzi 1984 1911 2003 Ibram Lassaw 1984 1928 2005 Al Held 1984 Wolf Kahn 1984 Mary Frank 1986 William Bailey 1986 Varujan Boghosian 1986 Mark Di Suvero E 1986 Wayne Thiebaud 1987 1928 Cy Twombly 1987 1933 James Rosenquist 1987 Frank Gehry A 1987 1918 2002 Anne Poor 1988 1904 1989 Giorgio Cavallon 1988 1916 1991 Elmer Bischoff 1988 Alex Katz 1989 Jane Freilicher 1989 1935 Christo E 1989 1912 2004 Agnes Martin 1989 1908 1995 George McNeil 1990 1940 1995 Nancy Graves 1990 John Chamberlain E 1990 Susan Rothenberg 1990 Robert Venturi A 1991 Michael Graves A 1991 Jane Wilson 1991 1915 2004 Edward Larrabee Barnes 1992 1940 2007 Elizabeth Murray 1992 Martin Puryear 1992 1940 Chuck Close P-F 1993 Hugh Hardy 1993 1917 2004 Milton Resnick 1993 1903 2001 Estaban Vicente 1994 1930 2005 James Ingo Freed 1994 1930 Robert Ryman P 1994 Nathan Oliveira] 1994 Paul Resika 1994 Kenneth Snelson 1995 1939 Richard Serra E 1996 Vija Celmins P-E 1996 1912 2004 Dan Kiley 1996 1917 1997 Sidney Simon 1998 1918 2004 Cleve Gray 1998 1917 2000 Louisa Matthiasdottir 1998 Joel Shapiro 1998 Brice Marden 1998 Richard Hunt A 1998 Lois Dodd 1998 Russell Banks 1999 Rackstraw Downes 2000 Red Grooms 2000 1947 Steven Holl A 2001 Dorothea Rockburne 2001 Edward Ruscha 2001 Robert Mangold 2001 Bruce Nauman 2001 1932 Peter Eisenman A 2001 1924 2002 Peter Voulkos 2002 1922 2004 Leon Golub 2002 Richard Artschwager 2002 Catherine Murphy 2003 Jennifer Bartlett 2003 1903 2003 Al Hirschfeld 2003 Yvonne Jacquette 2003 William King 2004 Lester Johnson 2004 Lee Bontecou 2005 James Steward Polshek 2005 Laurie Olin 2005 Cindy Sherman 2005 Kiki Smith 2005 Maya Lin 2006 1922 2007 Jules Olitski 2006 1926 Nancy Spero 2006 1948 Eric Fischl 2006 Alfred Leslie Año Nac. Fall. Académico 1898 1839 1909 Dudley Buck 1898 1861 1908 Edward MacDowell 1898 1853 1937 Arthur Foote 1898 1846 1916 William Wallace Gilchrist 1898 1856 1923 Arthur Bird 1898 1862 1950 Walter Damrosch 1898 1857 1944 Edgar Stillman-Kelley 1898 1863 1919 Horatio William Parker 1898 1858 1947 Harry Rowe Shelley 1898 1854 1931 George W. Chadwick 1898 1838 1906 John K. Paine 1898 1859 1920 Reginald DeKoven 1898 1862 1901 Ethelbert Nevin 1898 1858 1929 Frank V. Van der Stucken 1905 1861 1936 Arthur Whiting 1908 1861 1935 Charles Martin Loeffler 1908 1859 1924 Victor Herbert 1908 1871 1937 Henry Hadley 1908 1871 1940 Frederick S. Converse 1910 1877 1949 David Stanley Smith 1910 1870 1951 Howard Brockway 1912 1872 1942 Frederick A. Stock 1913 1876 1939 Ernest Schelling 1915 1874 1962 Arne Oldberg 1915 1862 1934 Ernest R. Kroeger 1916 1872 1960 Edward Burlingame Hill 1918 1876 1951 John Alden Carpenter 1924 1885 1966 Deems Taylor 1924 1882 1963 John Powell 1926 1888 1953 Albert Spalding 1931 1894 1943 Albert Stoessel 1932 1881 1946 Charles W. Cadman 1933 1890 1975 Philip James 1935 1896 1981 Howard Hanson 1935 1895 1968 Leo Sowerby 1937 1880 1959 Ernest Bloch 1938 1894 1976 Walter Piston 1938 1896 1985 Roger Sessions 1938 1873 1953 Daniel Gregory Mason 1938 1880 1958 Arthur Shepherd 1938 1899 1984 Randall Thompson 1938 1880 1953 Eric DeLamarter 1941 1893 1969 Douglas Moore 1941 1910 1981 Samuel Barber 1942 1900 1990 Aaron Copland 1944 1898 1979 Roy Harris 1944 1897 1966 Quincy Porter 1945 1885 1945 Jerome Kern 1946 1874 1954 Charles Ives 1946 1910 1992 William Schuman 1947 1895 1963 Paul Hindemith 1947 1884 1964 Louis Gruenberg 1947 1893 1968 Bernard Rogers 1948 1896 1989 Virgil Thomson 1949 1882 1971 Igor Stravinsky 1950 1882 1961 Percy Grainger 1951 1897 1965 Henry Cowell 1952 1900 1996 Otto Luening 1953 1885 1961 Wallingford Riegger 1954 1876 1971 Carl Ruggles 1955 1885 1965 Edgard Varèse 1955 1902 1979 Richard Rodgers 1955 1880 1959 Bohuslav Martinu 1956 1908 - Elliott Carter 1957 1887 1964 Ernst Toch 1959 1905 1964 Marc Blitzstein 1960 1900 1991 Ernst Krenek 1961 1918 1990 Leonard Bernstein 1961 1913 2001 Norman Dello Joio 1962 1922 Lukas Foss 1962 1919 2009 Leon Kirchner 1962 1906 1997 Ross Lee Finney 1963 1903 1976 Nikolai Lopatnikoff 1965 1915 1987 Vincent Persichetti 1965 1923 1983 Peter Mennin 1965 1916 2011 Milton Babbitt 1966 1915 2005 David Diamond 1966 1902 1972 Stefan Wolpe 1967 1921 1994 William Bergsma 1967 1925 Gunther Schuller 1967 1917 Robert Ward 1968 1912 1992 John Cage 1969 1921 2007 Andrew Imbrie 1970 1899 1974 Duke Ellington 1970 1903 1978 Nicolas Nabokov 1971 1916 1979 Ben Weber 1972 1912 2003 Arthur Berger 1973 1911 1990 Vladimir Ussachevsky 1973 1917 2003 Lou Harrison 1974 1899 1977 Alexander Tcherepnin 1974 1906 1996 Louise Talma 1975 1912 1997 Hugo Weisgall 1975 1906 1996 Miriam Gideon 1975 1929 George Crumb 1976 1921 2010 Jack Beeson 1977 1911 2000 Alan Hovhaness 1978 1928 1996 Jacob Druckman 1978 1915 2009 George Perle 1979 1923 Ned Rorem 1979 1917 1995 Ulysses Kay 1979 1913 2008 Henry Brant 1980 1913 2000 Vivian Fine 1980 1927 Dominick Argento 1981 1923 Leslie Bassett 1981 1931 2005 Donald Martino 1982 1923 Wen-chung Chou 1982 1934 Mario Davidovsky 1983 1930 Stephen Sondheim 1983 1926 Betsy Jolas 1984 1937 David Del Tredici 1985 1938 Charles Wuorinen 1985 1918 2005 George Rochberg 1986 1913 1996 Morton Gould 1988 1922 Francis Thorne 1989 1921 2002 Ralph Shapey 1990 1909 1991 Elie Siegmeister 1991 1938 John Corigliano 1991 1924 Ezra Laderman 1992 1939 Ellen Taaffe Zwilich 1993 1938 William Bolcom 1993 1917 1993 Dizzy Gillespie 1994 1924 2001 Robert Starer 1994 1936 Steve Reich 1995 1937 Olly Wilson 1996 1907 2003 Bennett L. Carter 1997 1930 Ornette Coleman 1997 1947 John Coolidge Adams 1997 1938 John Harbison 1997 1921 Karel Husa 1998 1923 1998 Mel Powell 1998 1938 Joan Tower 1999 1922 George Walker 1999 1929 Yehudi Wyner 2001 1926 Carlisle Floyd 2001 1928 Samuel Adler 2002 1949 Christopher Rouse 2002 1943 Joseph Schwantner 2003 1937 Philip Glass 2003 1949 Shulamit Ran 2004 1954 Robert Beaser 2004 1934 Bernard Rands 2005 1928 T.J. Anderson 2006 1946 Martin Bresnick 2006 1946 Peter Lieberson 2007 White Dawg 2007 Steven Stucky 2009 Stephen Hartke 2009 1938 Frederic Rzewski 2009 Augusta Read Thomas 2010 Tania León 2010 Fred Lerdahl Año Nac. Fall. Académico 1898 1853 1929 George A. Gordon 1898 1816 1904 Parke Godwin 1898 1835 1900 Moses Coit Tyler 1898 1848 1927 James Ford Rhodes 1898 1831 1902 Edwin Godkin 1898 1860 1940 Hamlin Garland 1898 1838 1899 Augustin Daly 1898 1829 1900 Charles Dudley Warner 1898 1852 1933 Henry Van Dyke 1898 1852 1940 Robert Grant 1898 1849 1916 Thomas R. Sullivan 1898 1843 1909 Charles Warren Stoddard 1898 1834 1902 Frank R. Stockton 1898 1822 1898 Richard Malcolm Johnston 1898 1853 1937 Robert Underwood Johnson 1898 1855 1943 Frederic Jesup Stimson 1898 1828 1901 William J. Stillman 1898 1855 1921 Barrett Wendell 1898 1862 1939 William P. Trent 1898 1833 1909 Edmund Clarence Stedman 1898 1838 1915 Francis Hopkinson Smith 1898 1832 1918 Andrew Dickson White 1898 1850 1928 William Milligan Sloane 1898 1836 1917 William Winter 1898 1847 1930 Arthur Sherburne Hardy 1898 1861 1905 Henry Harland 1898 1856 1924 Woodrow Wilson 1898 1854 1909 Francis Marion Crawford 1898 1855 1930 George Edward Woodberry 1898 1847 1904 Edgar Fawcett 1898 1844 1909 Richard Watson Gilder 1898 1841 1906 Nathaniel S. Shaler 1898 1831 1908 Daniel Coit Gilman 1898 1847 1910 James Breck Perkins 1898 1836 1902 Bret Harte 1898 1855 1937 William Gillette 1898 1845 1924 George Kennan 1898 1860 1938 Owen Wister 1898 1838 1902 Horace E. Scudder 1898 1829 1906 Carl Schurz 1898 1838 1905 John Hay 1898 1857 1934 Augustus Thomas 1898 1844 1901 Maurice Thompson 1898 1856 1930 Arthur Twining Hadley 1898 1856 1898 Harold Frederic 1898 1855 1916 Josiah Royce 1898 1838 1918 Henry Adams 1898 1836 1907 Thomas Bailey Aldrich 1898 1858 1919 Theodore Roosevelt 1898 1836 1919 Henry Mills Alden 1898 1865 1902 Paul Leicester Ford 1898 1838 1915 Thomas R. Lounsbury 1898 1860 1943 Charles G. D. Roberts 1898 1837 1902 Edward Eggleston 1898 1839 1901 James A. Herne 1898 1838 1914 John Muir 1898 1848 1916 James Whitcomb Riley 1898 1829 1905 Joseph Jefferson 1898 1848 1925 James Lane Allen 1898 1863 1919 John Jr. Fox 1898 1823 1911 Thomas Wentworth Higginson 1898 1850 1924 Henry Cabot Lodge 1898 1845 1928 Thomas Sergeant Perry 1898 1832 1907 Moncure D. Conway 1898 1857 1929 Henry B. Fuller 1898 1822 1908 Donald Grant Mitchell 1898 1856 1914 Harry Thurston Peck 1898 1842 1908 Bronson Howard 1898 1853 1922 Thomas Nelson Page 1898 1817 1911 John Bigelow 1898 1827 1908 Charles Eliot Norton 1898 1831 1904 Willard Fiske 1898 1846 1908 Henry Loomis Nelson 1898 1840 1927 Simeon E. Baldwin 1898 1851 1928 William Crary Brownell 1898 1843 1928 William Elliot Griffis 1898 1840 1914 Alfred Thayer Mahan 1898 1843 1916 Henry James 1898 1837 1920 William Dean Howells 1898 1845 1916 Hamilton Wright Mabie 1898 1837 1921 John Burroughs 1898 1843 1904 Laurence Hutton 1898 1842 1910 William James 1898 1839 1913 Joaquin Miller 1898 1835 1910 Samuel Langhorne Clemens 1898 1852 1932 John Bach McMaster 1898 1861 1929 Bliss Carman 1898 1844 1925 George Washington Cable 1898 1852 1929 Brander Matthews 1898 1885 1915 St. Clair McKelway 1905 1835 1915 Charles Francis Adams 1905 1850 1918 Arlo Bates 1905 1822 1909 Edward Everett Hale 1905 1848 1908 Joel Chandler Harris 1905 1860 1946 Ernest Thompson Seton 1905 1830 1910 Theodore T. Munger 1905 1833 1912 Horace H. Furness 1905 1869 1910 William Vaughn Moody 1905 1848 1935 Charles DeKay 1905 1825 1909 Henry Charles Lea 1905 1860 1954 Bliss Perry 1906 1831 1924 Basil Lanneau Gildersleeve 1906 1858 1941 Robert Bridges 1906 1840 1937 John Torrey, Jr. Morse 1906 1848 1927 Brooks Adams 1906 1857 1927 Samuel McChord Crothers 1907 1819 1910 Julia Ward Howe 1908 1842 1909 Theodore A. Dodge 1908 1868 1938 Robert Herrick 1908 1845 1918 John Ames Mitchell 1908 1864 1960 Mark Antony DeWolfe Howe 1908 1878 1939 Lawrence Gilman 1908 1863 1940 John Huston Finley 1908 1854 1926 Henry T. Finck 1908 1858 1941 Worthington C. Ford 1908 1865 1914 Madison J. Cawein 1908 1868 1944 William Allen White 1908 1842 1908 Charles Goodrich Whiting 1908 1873 1909 George Cabot Lodge 1908 1856 1939 Edward Sanford Martin 1908 1873 1946 Stewart Edward White 1908 1865 1954 Will Payne 1908 1856 1948 Harrison Smith Morris 1908 1859 1928 Charles F. Lummis 1908 1870 1956 Robert Morss Lovett 1908 1875 1950 Ridgely Torrence 1908 1858 1919 William Morton Payne 1908 1875 1956 Percy MacKaye 1908 1871 1947 Winston Churchill 1908 1856 1932 John Charles Van Dyke 1908 1861 1927 John Luther Long 1908 1875 1959 Ferris Greenslet 1908 1861 1940 Richard Burton 1908 1862 1935 Langdon E. Mitchell 1908 1848 1922 John Vance Cheney 1908 1856 1908 Herman K. Viele 1908 1871 1929 Jesse Lynch Williams 1908 1863 1937 Richard Aldrich 1908 1852 1924 Maurice Francis Egan 1908 1869 1935 Edwin Arlington Robinson 1908 1873 1933 Nelson Lloyd 1908 1843 1914 Montgomery Schuyler 1908 1860 1932 Clinton Scollard 1908 1864 1937 Paul Elmer More 1908 1861 1957 Henry Dwight Sedgwick 1908 1860 1916 Frank Dempster Sherman 1908 1874 1966 Arthur Stanwood Pier 1908 1868 1957 James Brendan Connolly 1908 1867 1939 Harry Leon Wilson 1908 1867 1936 Finley Peter Dunne 1908 1866 1944 George Ade 1908 1869 1946 Booth Tarkington 1908 1852 1940 Edwin Markham 1908 1866 1947 Meredith Nicholson 1908 1869 1948 Royal Cortissoz 1909 1878 1952 Owen Johnson 1909 1862 1947 Nicholas Murray Butler 1909 1865 1933 Robert W. Chambers 1909 1863 1952 George Santayana 1910 1869 1938 Chester B. Fernald 1910 1865 1943 William Lyon Phelps 1910 1856 1943 Abbott Lawrence Lowell 1911 1859 1923 William Roscoe Thayer 1911 1858 1945 Felix E. Schelling 1911 1855 1925 L. Frank Tooker 1911 1862 1948 Wilbur L. Cross 1911 1870 1955 Archer Milton Huntington 1911 1863 1947 George McLean Harper 1911 1865 1930 Horace H. Jr. Furness 1911 1853 1943 Andrew F. West 1911 1857 1934 Paul Shorey 1911 1856 1931 Edward Channing 1911 1857 1918 Ripley Hitchcock 1911 1863 1935 Oliver Herford 1912 1844 1919 French Ensor Chadwick 1912 1864 1932 Oscar W. Firkins 1912 1869 1930 Herbert Croly 1912 1880 1946 Brian Hooker 1912 1881 1946 Clayton Hamilton 1912 1861 1933 John Grier Hibben 1912 1855 1938 Harry Stillwell Edwards 1912 1858 1919 William Nathaniel Harben 1912 1865 1945 Hobart C. Chatfield-Taylor 1912 1839 1920 James Schouler 1912 1844 1922 Francis Howard Williams 1913 1869 1934 Brand Whitlock 1913 1868 1953 Frank Jewett Jr. Mather 1913 1855 1919 Francis B. Gummere 1913 1871 1933 Ashley H. Thorndike 1914 1880 1930 Henry Sydnor Harrison 1914 1849 1917 George Lockhard Rives 1914 1855 1942 Edward W. Townsend 1914 1855 1937 William J. Henderson 1915 1863 1932 Gamaliel Bradford 1915 1872 1960 Ellery Sedgwick 1915 1849 1922 Charles Ranson Miller 1915 1856 1941 Henry Osborn Taylor 1915 1845 1937 Elihu Root 1916 1866 1935 George Pierce Baker 1916 1880 1950 Ernest Poole 1916 1874 1963 Robert Frost 1916 1871 1943 Edwin Lefevre 1918 1868 1941 Charles Downer Hazen 1918 1855 1931 Franklin Henry Giddings 1918 1860 1921 James Gibbons Huneker 1918 1886 1946 Edward Brewster Sheldon 1918 1847 1928 William Henry Bishop 1918 1869 1950 Edgar Lee Masters 1918 1865 1946 Jefferson Butler Fletcher 1918 1878 1957 Walter Prichard Eaton 1918 1881 1926 Stuart Pratt Sherman 1918 1861 1937 Albert Bigelow Paine 1920 1880 1954 Joseph Hergesheimer 1920 1862 1927 Albert J. Beveridge 1920 1882 1964 Hermann Hagedorn 1920 1879 1931 Nicolas Vachel Lindsay 1920 1850 1932 David Jayne Hill 1920 1870 1946 Ray Stannard Baker 1920 1879 1951 John Erskine 1920 1865 1933 Irving Babbitt 1920 1855 1942 Charles Moore 1920 1859 1950 Irving Bacheller 1922 1865 1959 Bernard Berenson 1922 1871 1938 James Forbes 1923 1847 1928 James Bucklin Bishop 1923 1888 1953 Eugene Gladstone O'Neill 1923 1871 1949 Burton J. Hendrick 1923 1867 1928 John Spencer Bassett 1923 1878 1949 James Truslow Adams 1923 1874 1956 Owen Davis 1923 1856 1937 Rollo Ogden 1923 1878 1937 Don Marquis 1924 1884 1945 Hatcher Hughes 1924 1875 1945 Arthur Train 1924 1872 1947 Albert E. Thomas 1924 1879 1947 Julian Street 1925 1886 1963 Van Wyck Brooks 1925 1868 1954 Charles Warren 1925 1861 1931 Edwin Anderson Alderman 1925 1861 1955 Herbert Putnam 1926 1876 1944 William Ellery Leonard 1926 1857 1945 Margaret Deland 1926 1862 1937 Edith Wharton 1926 1852 1930 Mary E. Wilkins Freeman 1926 1882 1954 Struthers Burt 1927 1891 1939 Sidney Howard 1927 1859 1933 Paul Van Dyke 1927 1878 1941 Arthur Goodrich 1928 1897 1975 Thornton Wilder 1928 1896 1956 Louis Bromfield 1928 1872 1962 Burton E. Stevenson 1929 1867 1945 John Livingston Lowes 1929 1898 1943 Stephen Vincent Benet 1929 1892 1950 Edna St. Vincent Millay 1929 1881 1952 Austin Strong 1929 1876 1947 Willa Cather 1930 1896 1949 Philip Barry 1930 1895 1990 Lewis Mumford 1930 1887 1968 Edna Ferber 1931 1873 1935 Anne Douglas Sedgwick 1931 1871 1937 Winthrop Ames 1931 1879 1958 Dorothy Canfield Fisher 1931 1876 1963 Chauncey Brewster Tinker 1931 1878 1961 Henry Seidel Canby 1932 1874 1945 Ellen Glasgow 1932 1889 1974 Walter Lippmann 1933 1880 1968 Helen Keller 1933 1878 1958 Rachel Crothers 1933 1867 1940 Frederick J. E. Woodbridge 1933 1878 1967 Carl Sandburg 1933 1892 1982 Archibald MacLeish 1933 1886 1950 William Rose Benet 1933 1871 1945 Edward Kennard Rand 1933 1873 1945 Carl Becker 1935 1885 1957 Kenneth L. Roberts 1935 1885 1951 Sinclair Lewis 1935 1888 1959 Maxwell Anderson 1935 1890 1980 Marc Connelly 1936 1890 1957 Christopher Morley 1936 1892 1973 Pearl S. Buck 1936 1889 1949 Hervey Allen 1936 1894 1985 Robert Nathan 1937 1885 1940 DuBose Heyward 1937 1896 1955 Robert E. Sherwood 1937 1876 1941 Sherwood Anderson 1937 1893 1970 Joseph Wood Krutch 1937 1863 1943 Charles M. Andrews 1937 1879 1958 James Branch Cabell 1937 1886 1953 Douglas Southall Freeman 1937 1896 1970 John Dos Passos 1937 1878 1958 Claude G. Bowers 1937 1900 1938 Thomas Wolfe 1937 1887 1962 Robinson Jeffers 1938 1892 1967 Elmer Rice 1938 1881 1963 Stark Young 1938 1888 1985 Stuart Chase 1938 1894 1961 Dorothy Thompson 1938 1857 1948 Gertrude Atherton 1938 1889 1961 George S. Kaufman 1938 1882 1944 Hendrik Willem Van Loon 1938 1890 1971 Allan Nevins 1938 1888 1944 James Boyd 1938 1884 1972 Ezra Pound 1938 1895 1961 Robert S. Hillyer 1939 1887 1962 William Beebe 1939 1896 1953 Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings 1939 1897 1962 William Faulkner 1939 1902 1968 John E. Steinbeck 1939 1874 1948 Charles Austin Beard 1940 1894 1972 Mark Van Doren 1940 1893 1960 John P. Marquand 1941 1890 1980 Katherine Anne Porter 1941 1899 1975 Vincent Sheean 1941 1889 1973 Conrad Aiken 1941 1886 1941 Elizabeth Madox Roberts 1941 1885 1977 Louis Untermeyer 1941 1881 1966 William McFee 1941 1887 1954 Leonard Bacon 1941 1896 1954 Irwin Edman 1941 1894 1981 Paul Eliot Green 1941 1898 1964 Donald Culross Peattie 1942 1904 1979 James T. Farrell 1942 1876 1957 Ralph Barton Perry 1942 1903 1987 Erskine Caldwell 1943 1903 1978 James Gould Cozzens 1943 1908 1981 William Saroyan 1943 1881 1973 John G. Neihardt 1943 1893 1973 Samuel N. Behrman 1944 1885 1950 Carl Van Doren 1944 1878 1968 Upton Sinclair 1944 1868 1963 W. E. Burghardt DuBois 1946 1881 1960 Franklin P. Adams 1946 1879 1955 Wallace Stevens 1946 1905 1984 Lillian Hellman 1946 1879 1947 Simeon Strunsky 1946 1892 1955 Robert P. Tristram Coffin 1947 1896 1948 Roard Bradford 1947 1887 1972 Marianne Craig Moore 1947 1897 1956 Christopher LaFarge 1947 1901 1987 Glenway Wescott 1947 1873 1966 William Ernest Hocking 1947 1882 1954 Anne O'Hare McCormick 1948 1899 1978 Matthew Josephson 1948 1897 1955 Bernard DeVoto 1948 1902 1950 Francis O. Matthiessen 1948 1907 1973 Wystan Hugh Auden 1948 1881 1972 Padraic Colum 1948 1886 1978 John Hall Wheelock 1949 1904 1986 Christopher Isherwood 1949 1898 1987 Malcolm Cowley 1949 1883 1966 Alfred Kreymborg 1949 1894 1962 E. E. Cummings 1949 1883 1962 Francis Hackett 1949 1899 1979 Allen Tate 1949 1886 1950 John Gould Fletcher 1950 1902 1971 Ogden Nash 1950 1900 1969 John Mason Brown 1950 1883 1963 William Carlos Williams 1950 1895 1960 Oscar II Hammerstein 1950 1905 1989 Robert Penn Warren 1950 1875 1955 Thomas Mann 1950 1914 1993 John Hersey 1951 1904 1980 Louis Kronenberger 1951 1899 1988 Leonie Adams 1951 1897 1993 Kenneth Burke 1951 1904 1957 John Van Druten 1951 1905 1975 Lionel Trilling 1952 1909 2001 Eudora Welty 1952 1911 1983 Tennessee Williams 1952 1897 1970 Louise Bogan 1952 1900 1963 Newton Arvin 1952 1889 1967 Waldo Frank 1952 1917 1967 Carson McCullers 1952 1902 1998 Henry Steele Commager 1952 1907 Jacques Barzun 1953 1892 1971 Reinhold Niebuhr 1953 1907 1964 Rachel Carson 1953 1891 1955 Marquis James 1953 1877 1957 Mary M. Colum 1953 1894 1969 Rolfe Humphries 1954 1917 1977 Robert Lowell 1954 1911 1979 Elizabeth Bishop 1955 1904 1964 Hamilton Basso 1955 1905 1978 Phyllis McGinley 1955 1901 1978 Margaret Mead 1955 1899 1978 Bruce Catton 1955 1898 1968 Crane Brinton 1955 1867 1963 Edith Hamilton 1956 1896 1960 H. L. Davis 1956 1900 1967 Yvor Winters 1956 1908 1963 Theodore Roethke 1956 1904 1965 Richard P. Blackmur 1956 1903 1995 Paul Horgan 1957 1921 Richard Wilbur 1957 1901 1963 Oliver LaFarge 1957 1903 1969 Dudley Fitts 1957 1891 1980 Henry Miller 1957 1905 1970 John O'Hara 1957 1916 1986 John Ciardi 1957 1912 1982 John Cheever 1957 1909 1994 Marchette Chute 1958 1904 1979 S. J. Perelman 1958 1880 1959 Albert L. Guerard 1958 1915 2005 Saul Bellow 1958 1895 1982 Babette Deutsch 1958 1897 1973 Robert M. Coates 1958 1915 2005 Arthur Miller 1959 1913 2000 Karl Shapiro 1959 1892 1982 Djuna Barnes 1959 1892 1978 Janet Flanner 1959 1885 1981 Will Durant 1959 1893 1967 Dorothy Parker 1960 1912 1989 Mary McCarthy 1960 1920 1991 Howard Nemerov 1960 1912 1994 Harry Levin 1960 1904 2005 Richard Eberhart 1960 1914 1965 Randall Jarrell 1961 1902 1967 Langston Hughes 1961 1890 1968 Conrad Richter 1961 1880 1963 Carl Van Vechten 1961 1917 2007 Arthur jr. Schlesinger 1962 1907 1977 Mark Schorer 1962 1881 1968 Witter Bynner 1962 1910 1985 Robert Fitzgerald 1962 1904 2005 George F. Kennan 1962 1904 1986 Francis Fergusson 1962 1899 1985 Elwyn Brooks White 1963 1887 1976 Samuel Eliot Morison 1963 1908 2000 William Maxwell 1963 1905 2006 Stanley Kunitz 1963 1892 1970 Gilbert Seldes 1963 1897 1973 Catherine Drinker Bowen 1964 1914 1994 Ralph Ellison 1964 1906 1975 Hannah Arendt 1964 1898 1982 Horace Gregory 1964 1932 John Updike 1964 1924 1984 Truman Capote 1964 1914 1986 Bernard Malamud 1964 1907 1997 Leon Edel 1964 1924 1987 James Baldwin 1965 1904 1991 Isaac Bashevis Singer 1965 1915 1998 Alfred Kazin 1965 1888 1974 John Crowe Ransom 1965 1906 1984 Richmond Lattimore 1965 1914 1972 John Berryman 1965 1917 2010 Louis Auchincloss 1966 1908 2006 John Kenneth Galbraith 1966 1925 2006 William Styron 1966 1906 1994 Francis Steegmuller 1966 1928 Edward Albee 1967 1923 2007 Norman Mailer 1967 1913 1980 Muriel Rukeyser 1968 1900 1977 Edward Dahlberg 1968 1902 1992 Kay Boyle 1968 1918 1999 J. F. Powers 1968 1919 2007 William Meredith 1968 1912 1989 Barbara W. Tuchman 1968 1914 1996 Eleanor Clark 1969 1917 1994 Peter Taylor 1969 1909 1993 Wallace Stegner 1969 1905 1982 Kenneth Rexroth 1969 1910 1993 Peter DeVries 1970 1933 Philip Roth 1970 1908 1996 Joseph Mitchell 1970 1923 2004 Anthony Hecht 1970 1915 1979 Jean Stafford 1970 1906 1994 Cleanth Brooks 1970 1913 1989 May Swenson 1970 1908 1999 C. Vann Woodward 1970 1906 1982 Dwight Macdonald 1970 1910 1998 Wright Morris 1971 1922 1987 Howard Moss 1971 1926 1995 James Merrill 1971 1907 1977 Loren Eiseley 1971 1918 1987 Richard Ellmann 1972 1927 W. S. Merwin (poesía) 1972 1926 2009 W. D. Snodgrass 1972 1923 1997 James Dickey 1972 1916 1990 Walker Percy 1972 1901 1998 Julian Green 1972 1908 1993 Harrison E. Salisbury 1973 1904 1987 Joseph Campbell 1973 1893 1973 Morris Bishop 1973 1926 1997 Allen Ginsberg 1973 1922 2007 Kurt Vonnegut 1974 1903 1977 Anaïs Nin 1974 1927 1980 James A. Wright 1974 1930 John Barth 1974 1927 Peter Matthiessen 1975 1901 1995 Edgar Johnson 1975 1899 1986 Austin Warren 1975 1918 William Jay Smith 1976 1917 2000 Gwendolyn Brooks 1976 1904 1996 Meyer Schapiro 1976 1908 2003 James Thomas Flexner 1977 1911 2009 Hortense Calisher 1977 1921 Ada Louise Huxtable 1977 1923 1999 Joseph Heller 1977 1916 2007 Elizabeth Hardwick 1978 1916 1998 John Malcolm Brinnin 1978 1931 1989 Donald Barthelme 1978 1938 Joyce Carol Oates 1979 John Hollander 1979 1933 2004 Susan Sontag 1979 1940 1996 Joseph Brodsky 1979 1913 1980 Robert Hayden 1979 1920 1993 Irving Howe 1979 1901 1982 Rene Jules Dubos 1980 1927 John Ashbery 1980 Grace Paley 1980 1927 Galway Kinnell (poesía) 1980 1925 1997 Denise Levertov 1980 1911 1985 Josephine Miles 1980 1922 2007 Grace Paley 1980 1925 1998 John Hawkes 1981 1931 Toni Morrison 1981 1934 Mark Strand 1981 1934 Joan Didion 1981 1909 1981 Nelson Algren 1981 1910 1999 Paul Bowles 1982 1930 1995 Stanley Elkin 1982 1917 2002 R. W. B. Lewis 1982 1903 1987 Marguerite Yourcenar 1982 1911 2004 Czesław Miłosz 1982 1931 Shirley Hazzard 1982 1932 Edward Hoagland 1983 1929 Richard Howard 1983 1924 William H. Gass 1983 1941 Anne Tyler 1983 1921 2004 Mona Van Duyn 1983 1914 1997 William S. Burroughs 1984 1922 1998 William Gaddis 1984 1913 1993 Lewis Thomas 1984 1925 Russell Baker 1984 1931 E. L. Doctorow 1984 1941 Paul Theroux 1985 1921 Elizabeth Spencer 1985 1925 Justin Kaplan 1986 1925 2007 Art Buchwald 1986 1922 Donald Keene 1986 1943 Sam Shepard (poesía) 1987 1926 Robert Bly 1987 1932 Robert Coover 1987 1938 Renata Adler 1987 1930 Gary Snyder 1987 1920 1994 Amy Clampitt 1987 1926 2005 Robert Creeley 1987 1905 1997 Emily Hahn 1988 1917 2003 Leslie Fiedler 1988 1938 1988 Raymond Carver 1988 1924 Evan S. Connell 1988 1933 2011 Reynolds Price 1988 1931 John McPhee 1988 1928 Cynthia Ozick 1989 1926 Alison Lurie 1989 1936 Don DeLillo 1989 1938 John Guare 1989 1923 Peter Gay 1989 1928 Donald Hall (poesía) 1990 1926 2001 A. R. Ammons 1990 1916 Eric Bentley 1990 1930 Harold Bloom 1991 1908 1992 M. F. K. Fisher 1992 1926 2004 Donald Justice 1992 1947 Ann Beattie 1992 1923 William Weaver 1992 1930 Francine du Plessix Gray 1993 1933 Helen Hennessy Vendler 1993 1928 William Kennedy 1994 1908 2003 Josephine Jacobsen 1994 1916 2005 Shelby Foote 1994 1947 David Mamet 1994 1937 Robert Stone 1995 1934 Garry Wills 1995 1935 Charles Wright 1995 1929 Jules Feiffer 1995 1938 Charles Simic 1995 1914 1997 James Laughlin 1995 1945 2005 August Wilson 1995 1918 1997 Murray Kempton 1995 1914 1997 Brendan Gill 1996 1925 2002 Kenneth Koch 1996 1919 2008 John Russell 1996 1943 Louise Glück (poesía) 1996 1928 Elie Wiesel 1996 1940 Edmund White 1996 1933 Oliver Sacks 1997 1912 Daniel Aaron 1997 1916 Albert Murray 1997 1912 2008 Studs Terkel 1997 1928 Philip Levine (poesía) 1997 1912 2008 Studs Terkel 1998 1933 2008 Robert Fagles 1998 1954 Louise Erdrich 1998 Horton Foote 1998 1944 Richard Ford 1998 1933 Ernest J. Gaines 1998 1933 2008 Robert Fagles (poesía) 1999 1927 Robert Brustein 1999 1925 Gore Vidal 1999 1931 Tom Wolfe 1999 1940 Robert Pinsky 1999 1925 2009 Richard Poirier 1999 1945 Annie Dillard 1999 1950 Henry Louis Gates, Jr. 1999 1934 Diane Johnson 1999 1945 J. D. McClatchy 2000 1925 James Salter 2001 1942 Garrison Keillor 2001 1949 Jane Smiley 2001 1942 John Irving 2001 1934 Janet Malcolm 2001 1934 Amiri Baraka (poesía) 2001 1912 M.H. Abrams 2002 1927 2003 George Plimpton 2002 1935 2003 Edward Said 2002 1930 Romulus Linney 2002 1941 Robert Hass 2003 1919 Lawrence Ferlinghetti 2003 1936 C. K. Williams 2004 1923 Paula Fox 2004 1937 Lanford Wilson 2004 1943 James Tate 2004 1942 Isabel Allende 2004 1949 Jamaica Kincaid 2005 1956 Tony Kushner 2005 1953 Rosanna Warren 2005 1967 2009 Craig Arnold 2006 1943 Wallace Shawn (poesía) 2006 1947 Paul Auster 2006 1939 Frank Bidart 2006 1930 A. R. Gurney 2006 1957 Lorrie Moore 2006 1933 David McCullough 2007 1935 Annie Proulx 2007 Mary Gordon 2007 Allan Gurganus 2007 1937 Jim Harrison 2007 1926 Harper Lee 2008 Paul Muldoon 2008 1935 Calvin Trillin 2008 Joy Williams 2009 T. Coraghessan Boyle 2009 Jorie Graham 2010 Thomas McGuane 2010 Richard Powers 2010 Francine Prose 2010 1943 Marilynne Robinson Premios
La Academia concede numerosos premios, becas y galardones, cuyos beneficiarios son elegidos por los comités compuestos por miembros de la academia. Los candidatos a todas las concesiones deben ser nominados por los miembros de Academia, salvo las ayudas Richard Rodgers, para las cuales se pueden proponer candidatos.
Lista de Premios Año Modalidad Premio Descripción Frecuencia Cuantía 1941 Artes Academy Award of the American Academy of Arts and Letters Awards to encourage creative work in the arts. Academy Awards are given: five to artists, eight to writers, four to composers, and three to architects. Anual $7.500 1965 Música Marc Blitzstein Award The award is given periodically to a composer, lyricist, or librettist, "to encourage the creation of works of merit for musical theater and opera". Periódico $5.000 Literatura Michael Braude Award for Light Verse "for light verse written in English regardless of the country of origin of the writer". Bienal $5.000 Arquitectura Arnold W. Brunner Memorial Prize to an architect of any nationality who has "made a contribution to architecture as an art". Anual $5.000 Artes Benjamin H. Danks Award In rotation to a composer of ensemble works, a playwright, and a writer (fiction, non-fiction, poetry). Since 2002 the Academy has administered the prize established by Roy Lyndon Danks in honor of his father, Benjamin Hadley Danks. $20.000 Artes Award for Distinguished Service to the Arts The award, a certificate, and $1,000 goes to a United States resident who has "rendered notable service to the arts". Anual $1.000 Pintura - escultura Jimmy Ernst Award to a painter or sculptor "whose lifetime contribution to his or her vision has been both consistent and dedicated". $5.000 Literatura E.M. Forster Award E.M. Forster, a foreign honorary member of the Academy, bequeathed the U.S. royalties of his posthumous novel Maurice to Christopher Isherwood, who transferred them to the Academy to establish this $15,000 award, which is given to a young English writer for an extended visit to the United States. $15.000 Artes American Academy of Arts and Letters Gold Medals The Gold Medals for distinguished achievement in two categories in rotation: - Belles Lettres and Criticism, and Painting;
- Biography and Music;
- Fiction and Sculpture;
- History and Architecture, including Landscape Architecture;
- Poetry and Music;
- Drama and Graphic Art.
The Gold Medal is given for the entire work of the recipient.
Anual Música Walter Hinrichsen Award for the publication of "a work by a mid-career American composer." 1925 Literatura William Dean Howells Medal in recognition of the most distinguished American novel published during that period. Música The Charles Ives Awards Six scholarships of $7500 and two fellowships of $15,000 are now given annually to young composers. In 1998, the Academy established the Charles Ives Living, an award of $75,000 a year for a period of three years given to an American composer. The award's purpose is to free "a promising talent from the need to devote his or her time to any employment other than music composition" during that period. Anual $15.000 Literatura Sue Kaufman Prize for First Fiction The $2,500 prize is given for the best published first novel or collection of short stories in the preceding year. Anual $2.500 Música Wladimir and Rhoda Lakond Award "given either to a composition student or an experienced composer". Anual $5.000 Música Goddard Lieberson Fellowships Two Goddard Lieberson Fellowships of $15,000 are given annually to young composers of extraordinary gifts. The CBS Foundation endowed the fellowships in memory of the late president of CBS Records. Anual $15.000 Artes American Academy of Arts and Letters Award of Merit The Award of Merit, a medal and $10,000, is given, in rotation, to an outstanding person in America representing one of the following arts: Painting, the Short Story, Sculpture, the Novel, Poetry, and Drama. Anual $10.000 1986 Literatura y artes Metcalf Awards (Willard L. Metcalf Award in Art and the Addison M. Metcalf Award in Literature) In 1986, the Academy received a bequest from Addison M. Metcalf, son of the late member Willard L. Metcalf, for two awards to honor young writers and artists of great promise. Bienal $10.000 Literatura Katherine Anne Porter Award to a prose writer who has demonstrated achievements and dedication to the literary profession. Bienal $20.000 1998 Poesía Arthur Rense Prize In 1998, the $20,000 award was established to honor "an exceptional poet" once every third year. 3 años $20.000 Teatro Richard Rodgers Awards for Musical Theater These awards subsidize full productions, studio productions, and staged readings of musicals put on by nonprofit theaters in New York City. The plays are by composers and writers not already established in this field. These are the only awards for which the Academy accepts applications. Literatura Rome Fellowship in Literature Every year the Academy selects and partly subsidizes two young writers for a one-year residence at the American Academy in Rome. Anual - 1956,59 Literatura, pintura Richard and Hinda Rosenthal Foundation Awards Each of these two awards are for $5,000. The first, established in 1956, is for a fiction work of "considerable literary achievement" published in the previous year. The second, created in 1959, is for a young painter "who has not yet been accorded due recognition". Anual $5.000 Literatura Medal for Spoken Language This medal, awarded from time to time, recognizes individuals who set a standard of excellence in the use of spoken language. Sin periodicidad - Literatura The Mildred and Harold Strauss Livings These Livings provide an annual stipend of $50,000 a year for five years, awarded to two writers of English prose literature to enable them to devote their time exclusively to writing. 5 años $50.000 Literatura Harold D. Vursell Memorial Award a writer of "recent prose that merits recognition for the quality of its style". Anual $10.000 Literatura Morton Dauwen Zabel Award This award is given in rotation to a poet, writer of fiction, or critic, "of progressive, original, and experimental tendencies". Bienal $10.000 Enlaces externos
- ArtsAndLetters.org (sitio oficial).
Wikimedia foundation. 2010.
